Functional and instrumental scales for the activities of daily life
Introduction. In the dementias, the clinical features are mainly alterations in neuropsychological ability leading to functional incapacity. Therefore, the concept of functional activities of daily life has been defined as all the different activities which a person carries out daily, or almost daily, in order to be able to live independently but integrated in his environment, and according to his personal social obligations. Development. The activities of daily life are of many grades of complexity and may be divided into basic, instrumental and advanced. The different scales include different items and different ways of scoring. This fact is important when deciding which instrument to use and in evaluating the results for a particular patient. Therefore, within the context of a project to study cognitive and functional instruments, the project NORMACODEM (Standardization of Cognitive and Functional Tests for the Evaluation of Dementia), the correlation with and predictive value of a series of tools have been evaluated. The functional instruments studied were the following: BDRS, RDS-2.GERRI, IDDD; the cognitive instruments were: MMSE, ADAS and the Barcelone test. The patients were classified according to GDS stages. The integrated programme of neuropsychological exploration (Barcelone test) has also been validated in relation to the functional capacity for everyday activities
Desarrollo Las actividades de la vida diaria tienen distinta complejidad y se pueden dividir en básicas, instrumentales y avanzadas. Las diversas escalas incluyen distintos ítems y diferentes formas de puntuación. Este hecho es importante en el momento de escoger un instrumento y de evaluar los resultados en un paciente determinado. Por este motivo en el contexto de un proyecto de estudio de instrumentos cognitivos y funcionales, el proyecto NORMACODEM (NORMAlización de instrumentos COgnitivos y funcionales para la evaluación de la DEMencia), ha estudiado las correlaciones y el valor predictivo de una serie de herramientas. Los instrumentos funcionales estudiados fueron los siguientes: BDRS, RDRS-2, GERRI e IDDD. Los instrumentos cognitivos fueron: MMSE, ADAS y test Barcelona. Se clasificaron los pacientes según los estadios GDS. El programa integrado de exploración neuropsicológica (test Barcelona) también se ha validado en relación con las capacidades funcionales de la vida diaria
